Compare Monaco (2001) - British Indian Ocean Territory (2006)

Compare Monaco (2001) z British Indian Ocean Territory (2006)

	Monaco (2001)	British Indian Ocean Territory (2006)

Administrative divisions	none; there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are four quarters (quartiers, singular - quartier); Fontvieille, La Condamine, Monaco-Ville, Monte-Carlo	-
Age structure	0-14 years: 15.32% (male 2,503; female 2,375) 15-64 years: 62.23% (male 9,731; female 10,083) 65 years and over: 22.45% (male 2,921; female 4,229) (2001 est.)	-
Agriculture - products	none	-
Airports	linked to airport in Nice, France, by helicopter service	1 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways	-	total: 1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2006)
Area	total: 1.95 sq km land: 1.95 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 54,400 sq km land: 60 sq km; Diego Garcia 44 sq km water: 54,340 sq km note: includes the entire Chagos Archipelago of 55 islands
Area - comparative	about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC	land area is about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center.	Established as a territory of the UK in 1965, a number of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) islands were transferred to the Seychelles when it attained independence in 1976. Subsequently, BIOT has consisted only of the six main island groups comprising the Chagos Archipelago. The largest and most southerly of the islands, Diego Garcia, contains a joint UK-US naval support facility. All of the remaining islands are uninhabited. Former agricultural workers, earlier residents in the islands, were relocated primarily to Mauritius but also to the Seychelles, between 1967 and 1973. In 2000, a British High Court ruling invalidated the local immigration order that had excluded them from the archipelago, but upheld the special military status of Diego Garcia.
Birth rate	9.74 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)	-
Budget	revenues: $518 million expenditures: $531 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1995)	-
Capital	Monaco	-
Climate	Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers	tropical marine; hot, humid, moderated by trade winds
Coastline	4.1 km	698 km
Constitution	17 December 1962	-
Country name	conventional long form: Principality of Monaco conventional short form: Monaco local long form: Principaute de Monaco local short form: Monaco	conventional long form: British Indian Ocean Territory conventional short form: none abbreviation: BIOT
Currency	French franc (FRF); euro (EUR)	-
Death rate	13 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)	-
Debt - external	$NA	-
Dependency status	-	overseas territory of the UK; administered by a commissioner, resident in the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in London
Diplomatic representation from the US	the US does not have an embassy in Monaco; the US Consul General in Marseille (France) is accredited to Monaco	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	Monaco does not have an embassy in the US consulate(s) general: New York	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	none	Mauritius and Seychelles claim the Chagos Archipelago including Diego Garcia; in 2001 the former inhabitants of the Chagos Archipelago, evicted in 1965 and now residing chiefly in Mauritius, were granted UK citizenship and the right to repatriation; the UK resists the Chagossians' demand for an immediate return to the islands; repatriation is complicated by the exclusive US military lease of Diego Garcia that restricts access to the largest island in the chain;
Economic aid - recipient	$NA	-
Economy - overview	Monaco, situated on the French Mediterranean coast, is a popular resort, attracting tourists to its casino and pleasant climate. The Principality has successfully sought to diversify into services and small, high-value-added, nonpolluting industries. The state has no income tax and low business taxes and thrives as a tax haven both for individuals who have established residence and for foreign companies that have set up businesses and offices. The state retains monopolies in a number of sectors, including tobacco, the telephone network, and the postal service. Living standards are high, roughly comparable to those in prosperous French metropolitan areas. Monaco does not publish national income figures; the estimates below are extremely rough.	All economic activity is concentrated on the largest island of Diego Garcia, where joint UK-US defense facilities are located. Construction projects and various services needed to support the military installations are done by military and contract employees from the UK, Mauritius, the Philippines, and the US. There are no industrial or agricultural activities on the islands. When the Ilois return, they plan to reestablish sugarcane production and fishing. The country makes money by selling fishing licenses and postage stamps.
Electricity - consumption	NA kWh	NA kWh
Electricity - imports	NA kWh note: electricity supplied by France (1999)	-
Electricity - production	-	NA kWh; note - electricity supplied by the US military
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m highest point: Mont Agel 140 m	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location on Diego Garcia 15 m
Environment - current issues	NA	NA
Environment - international agreements	party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol	-
Ethnic groups	French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21%	-
Exchange rates	euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996)	-
Executive branch	chief of state: Prince RAINIER III (since 9 May 1949); Heir Apparent Prince ALBERT Alexandre Louis Pierre, son of the monarch (born 14 March 1958) head of government: Minister of State Patrick LECLERQUE (since 5 January 2000) cabinet: Council of Government is under the authority of the monarch elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; minister of state appointed by the monarch from a list of three French national candidates presented by the French Government	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Commissioner Tony CROMBIE (since January 2004); Administrator Tony HUMPHRIES (since February 2005); note - both reside in the UK cabinet: NA elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; commissioner and administrator appointed by the monarch
Exports	$NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France	-
Fiscal year	calendar year	-
Flag description	two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and white; similar to the flag of Indonesia which is longer and the flag of Poland which is white (top) and red	white with six blue wavy horizontal stripes; the flag of the UK is in the upper hoist-side quadrant; the striped section bears a palm tree and yellow crown centered on the outer half of the flag
GDP	purchasing power parity - $870 million (1999 est.)	-
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: NA% industry: NA% services: NA%	-
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $27,000 (1999 est.)	-
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	-
Geographic coordinates	43 44 N, 7 24 E	6 00 S, 71 30 E; note - Diego Garcia 7 20 S, 72 25 E
Geography - note	second smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban	archipelago of 55 islands; Diego Garcia, largest and southernmost island, occupies strategic location in central Indian Ocean; island is site of joint US-UK military facility
Heliports	1 (shuttle service between the international airport at Nice, France, and Monaco's heliport at Fontvieille)	-
Highways	total: 50 km paved: 50 km unpaved: 0 km (2001)	-
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	-
Imports	$NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market system through customs union with France	-
Independence	1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi)	-
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	-
Industries	tourism, construction, small-scale industrial and consumer products	-
Infant mortality rate	5.83 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)	-
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	NA%	-
International organization participation	ACCT, ECE, IAEA, ICAO, ICRM, IFRCS, IHO, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, ITU, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO	-
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	2 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	0 sq km
Judicial branch	Supreme Court or Tribunal Supreme (judges appointed by the monarch on the basis of nominations by the National Council)	-
Labor force	30,540 (January 1994)	-
Land boundaries	total: 4.4 km border countries: France 4.4 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% permanent pastures: 0% forests and woodland: 0% other: 100% (urban area)	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (2005)
Languages	French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque	-
Legal system	based on French law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch	unicameral National Council or Conseil National (18 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 1 and 8 February 1998 (next to be held NA January 2003) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - UND 18	-
Life expectancy at birth	total population: 78.98 years male: 75.04 years female: 83.12 years (2001 est.)	-
Literacy	definition: NA total population: 99% male: NA% female: NA%	-
Location	Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy	archipelago in the Indian Ocean, south of India, about one-half the way from Africa to Indonesia
Map references	Europe	Political Map of the World
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 3 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	none (2000 est.)	-
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of France	defense is the responsibility of the UK; the US lease on Diego Garcia expires in 2016
National holiday	National Day (Prince of Monaco Holiday), 19 November	-
Nationality	noun: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s) adjective: Monegasque or Monacan	-
Natural hazards	NA	NA
Natural resources	none	coconuts, fish, sugarcane
Net migration rate	7.85 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)	-
Political parties and leaders	National and Democratic Union or UND [leader NA]; National Union for the Future of Monaco or UNAM [leader NA]; Rally for the Monegasque Family [leader NA]	-
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	-
Population	31,842 (July 2001 est.)	no indigenous inhabitants note: approximately 1,200 former agricultural workers resident in the Chagos Archipelago, often referred to as Chagossians or Ilois, were relocated to Mauritius and the Seychelles in the 1960s and 1970s; in November 2000 they were granted the right of return by a British High Court ruling, though no timetable has been set; in November 2004, there were approximately 4,000 UK and US military personnel and civilian contractors living on the island of Diego Garcia (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	-
Population growth rate	0.46% (2001 est.)	-
Ports and harbors	Monaco	-
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM NA, shortwave 8 (1998)	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios	34,000 (1997)	-
Railways	total: 1.7 km standard gauge: 1.7 km 1.435-m gauge	-
Religions	Roman Catholic 90%	-
Sex ratio	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2001 est.)	-
Suffrage	21 years of age; universal	-
Telephone system	general assessment: modern automatic telephone system domestic: NA international: no satellite earth stations; connected by cable into the French communications system	general assessment: separate facilities for military and public needs are available domestic: all commercial telephone services are available, including connection to the Internet international: international telephone service is carried by satellite (2000)
Telephones - main lines in use	31,027 (1995)	NA
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	-
Television broadcast stations	5 (1998)	1 (1997)
Terrain	hilly, rugged, rocky	flat and low (most areas do not exceed two meters in elevation)
Total fertility rate	1.76 children born/woman (2001 est.)	-
Unemployment rate	3.1% (1998)	-
Waterways	none	-

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